10 Essential Hebrew Words from the Book of Exodus That Illuminate the Story of Liberation
The Book of Exodus (Sefer Shemot) is a dramatic journey from slavery to freedom, filled with divine encounters, miracles, and moral laws. Its Hebrew vocabulary reflects this transformation – each word carries historical, spiritual, and emotional weight. Here are 10 key Hebrew words that define the language of Exodus:
- שֵׁם (shem) – “Name”
The book opens with the names of the sons of Israel. Later, God reveals His own name: Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh (“I Am That I Am”) – a moment of profound theological significance. - עֲבֹדָה (avodah) – “Labor” or “Service”
Used to describe both the harsh slavery in Egypt and the sacred service in the Tabernacle. The shift in meaning reflects the journey from oppression to worship. - פַּרְעֹה (Par’oh) – “Pharaoh”
More than a title, this name becomes a symbol of tyranny and resistance to divine will. - יְאֹר (ye’or) – “Nile”
The Nile River is central to Egypt’s power and the setting for Moses’ rescue. It’s also the first target of the plagues. - מַכָּה (makah) – “Plague” or “Strike”
This word describes the ten divine blows against Egypt. It conveys both physical impact and moral judgment. - מֹשֶׁה (Moshe) – “Moses”
His name means “drawn out,” referencing his rescue from the water. It also hints at his role in drawing the people out of Egypt. - סְנֶה (sneh) – “Bush”
The burning bush is where Moses encounters God. This humble word becomes a symbol of divine revelation. - יָצָא (yatza) – “He went out” or “He exited”
A key verb in the Exodus narrative, marking the physical and spiritual departure from bondage. - מַן (man) – “Manna”
The mysterious food from heaven that sustained the Israelites in the desert. Its name reflects wonder: “man hu?” (“What is it?”). - מִצְוָה (mitzvah) – “Commandment”
Introduced in the giving of the Torah, this word becomes central to Jewish life and identity.
These words are more than vocabulary – they’re milestones in the journey from slavery to revelation. Learning them deepens your understanding of Hebrew and connects you to the heart of the biblical story.